Which term describes medication that can be purchased without a prescription?

The term that describes medication that can be purchased without a prescription is "OTC," which stands for over-the-counter. OTC medications are available to consumers directly from a pharmacy or retail store without the need for a healthcare provider's authorization. This category includes a wide range of products, such as pain relievers, cold and allergy medications, and various ointments, making them easily accessible to the general public for self-care and treatment of minor ailments.

In contrast, the other terms refer to medications that are subject to different regulations. "Prescription" refers to medications that require a healthcare provider's authorization for purchase, indicating they may pose risks or require professional oversight. "Generic" describes medications that are chemically identical to branded counterparts but usually sold at lower prices; they can be either prescription or OTC. "Brand" refers to medication marketed under a specific name by a pharmaceutical manufacturer, which can also require a prescription or be available OTC, depending on the product. Thus, the correct answer identifies the specific classification of medications available without a doctor's directive.